It’s a subject that experienced birders may find a bit tiresome. While newcomers may wonder: Why should this even be a problem? For the former, I can spoil it right away: no, the state of science has not changed much in 2025 :D. For everyone else, here is a brief overview of the ecological impact of bird feeding. Bild: ©Linas T | Stock.Adobe.com

The problem with feeding birds

Anyone who has ever fed birds in the backyard knows how wonderful it is to watch these little friends go about their business. Unfortunately, it can also have an impact on the ecological balance. For example, a 2021 British study suggests that feeding may lead to an increased risk of disease spread between bird species due to close contact.

An increased potential for aggression has also been found. Other researchers suggest that feeding may interfere with natural selection by allowing weaker individuals to survive. Birds may also become dependent on feeding and later be unable to feed their own young. In addition, birds can become malnourished if inappropriate food is used.

So no?

Unfortunately, the answer to this question is not so simple. The research is far from conclusive. Besides, it can be argued that we humans take away so much habitat and food sources from the birds that it is really just a matter of balancing on the other side. Personally, I am happy for every bird life I can save.

You can also reduce the risk of disease transmission by regularly cleaning feeding stations, food containers, etc. (click here for tips). Malnutrition can be prevented by providing appropriate food, which you should research in advance. You also need to consider where the food comes from and whether it was produced sustainably. After all, agriculture is one of the problems for bird populations. And it makes no sense to fight the symptoms while ignoring the cause.

Now what?

The current state of scientific knowledge does not allow for a clear conclusion. It is up to each individual to decide whether or not to feed birds in their backyard. If you decide to do so, you should do so as sustainably as possible, i.e. use ecological and species-appropriate food, clean the feeders regularly and be aware that this alone cannot stop the extinction of species. It will take much more.

By the way: Here’s a recipe for sustainable, low-waste birdseed cookies 🙂